Intrduction Japan’s defeat in World War II, the loss of military power, and the ban on independent military actions after that era made this country a dependent and passive government in terms of security. Although in the years after the Second World War, the US security umbrella has been able to protect Japan from the Cold War and post- Cold War security crisis, the feeling of insecurity in recent years has created strategic dynamics in the country's grand strategies; and it can be substantiated that in recent years Japan, as a middle power, has moved towards increasing its military capabilities and has shifted from passive foreign policies. What is deduced from Japan's post-Cold War foreign and defense policy and strategy is that REGIONAL variables have been one of the main drivers and effective factors for these changes. In the same vein, this research analyzes the impact of REGIONAL variables on Japan's security DEVELOPMENTS and its change towards a normal state. According to this, this research considers that what environmental variables have made Japan aware of these threats and what has been Japan's response to these threats? Methodology The research method in this research will be in the form of descriptive-analytic approaches using the mixed method (a combination of quantitative and qualitative methods). In the descriptive-analytic approach that the researcher seeks to answer why and how to establish a causal relationship between independent and dependent variables, it is attempted to describe a process and develop a concept. With this definition, this research seeks to examine the process of change in Japanese security policies, to develop the concept of a "normal state" with an impact of REGIONAL variables. The data collection method is based on library findings.  Results and discussion A review of theoretical approaches to international relations indicates that each of these approaches can provide significant help to Japanese security's researchers in answering the questions of "what REGIONAL threats and why REGIONAL variables are threatening" but these approaches have two weaknesses. First, each of them focuses only on one aspect of the analysis. Second, they ignore Japan responds to security threats. Contrary to these two disadvantages, Stephen Walt's balance of threat theory has two advantages that can be used to analyze this research. On the one hand, this theory has simultaneously taken into account both material and semantic perspectives, which in turn make the analysis comprehensible. On the other hand, it is possible to outline Japan's response to security changes in the form of "internal and external balancing". This research concluded that China and North Korea are defined as threat to Japan's national security, regarding the four threat defining components (overall capability, geographic proximity, offensive capabilities, aggressive intentions), which have been raised in Stephen Walt's Balance of threat Theory. Comparison of the threat level of China and North Korea indicates that although North Korea is generally less understood than China in terms of overall power sources due to lack of power components (such as economic power, population, size, etc.), as Walt believes, powerful countries are not necessarily threatening and there could be some countries that, while lacking key components of power, pose a serious threat to international security while alliances may be formed against powerless countries. Therefore, North Korea is a serious threat against Japan's national security as well as stability and peace in East Asia. According to research's results, REGIONAL threats have pushed Japan into a counterbalance of both internal (statutory and institutional) and foreign (deeper coalition with the US and security networking in East Asia and beyond) balanced threats. Also, it was concluded that the Japanese security environment was moving towards unpredictability and complexity, deepening Japan's security integration with the US and security networking as a strategy has been on the agenda of Japanese policymakers. It has to be mentioned that the role of Japanese leaders and politicians is important. According to the findings of this study, the political security strategies and behaviors of these countries change as the security environment of states becomes more strategic and in parallel with reformist and transformational leaders in these countries. With regard to Japan, while its foreign security environment at the same time imposed special requirements on its security and foreign policy behaviors and a transformative individual had come to power, the country experienced significant changes in its strategic calculations and foreign policy. Conclusion Japan's behavioral analysis indicates that the complex security environment, and in particular the perception of the threat of China and North Korea have been the main drivers of Japan's strategic change in practiced and announced policies. The reasons for this perception of China and Korea as threat, as well as Japan response to these security concerns were described in the context of Stephen Walt's balance of threat theory. The outlook for the balancing strategy points to many internal and external challenges and opportunities for Japan and other countries, such as: increasing Japan's deterrence over China and North Korea, boosting Japan's national security, strengthening the US hegemony in Northeast Asia, expanding arms race in the East Asia, increasing tensions in border disputes, increasing misunderstanding and misapprehension among REGIONAL actor.

Climatic changes and environmental degradation has had a significant impact on the movement of people around the world. Reactions of people is different in response to the climatic changes and the most important reaction of people is toward the environmental deterioration and removal of the relocation risk, that migrations caused by climatic changes and its consequences form the shape of climate refugee. The idea of Climatic refugee or climatic change refugee is a relatively new idea. Lack of adaptability and the required capacity for climatic changes are the most important causes of the humans vulnerability. Southern Khorasan Province located in the southeast of Iran is one of the places vulnerable to climatic changes. In this study to assess the climatic changes, the precipitation and temperature data and the number of days of dust and groundwater resources have been used for 20 years up to 2014. To identify and predict the climatic changes of South Khorasan province, Statistical Down Scaling Model (SDSM) by using LARS- WG model and Evaluation Indices of climatic changes have been used. For the assessment, the climatic changes of 10 stations of the province for period 2010-2030 have been made under Lars Model. By using such data, firstly , the centers of the crisis due to the climatic changes have been identified and zoned in GIS environment. Then the dispersion of the settlements which are subject to such risks has been specified. For the assessment of climatic refugees, the migration statistics of year 1996 and up to 2011 have been used and the rural settlements at these areas which have been evacuated and removed in this period have been determined. Processing of climatic data shows that most of the province districts were affected by climatic changes, but south of the province centered by Nehbandan, has had the greatest impacts of climatic changes. These events led to population displacement and the formation of climatic refugees in the south of the province and the population of the southern provinces has moved to the north of the province. The human settlements of the province in 1996 was equal to 61.76 percent which decreased to 45.61 percent in 2011. So that the role of climatic changes in the last 20 years is evident with the challenges such as drought, degradation of water resources, desertification, particularly in the west and south part of the province.

Iran and Turkey have a unique geopolitical and geostrategic position in the region. The Syrian crisis affected the REGIONAL equations and the relations of the countries of the region, including Iran and Turkey. The DEVELOPMENTS in Syria affected and changed the framework of relations between Iran and Turkey as a REGIONAL power. Therefore, the main question is raised, what effect have the DEVELOPMENTS in Syria had on the REGIONAL relations between Iran and Turkey in order to become a REGIONAL power? In this article, it is tried to investigate and analyze the dimensions of the above issue and question in the framework of REGIONAL power balance theory and using descriptive-analytical methods. The findings of the current research show that the DEVELOPMENTS in the Arab world, especially the DEVELOPMENTS in Syria, have intensified the REGIONAL competition between Iran and Turkey, in the form of the formation of REGIONAL and trans-REGIONAL alliances and alliances with the environment of Iran and Syria, Syria and Russia, which in one On the other side of Turkey, Saudi Arabia, Qatar and Salafi groups were located. Also, Turkey's inability in this direction led to the promotion of Iran's REGIONAL position and the modification of Turkey's REGIONAL policy.

Insulin therapy is vital for managing elevated glucose levels among patients with type 1 diabetes and some individuals with type 2 diabetes. A drawback in traditional methods of insulin administration, including syringes and pens, lies in their limited effectiveness, mainly due to improper storage and poor patient adherence. Furthermore, the invasive nature of these traditional modalities contributes to the observed challenges in patient adherence. By using insulin pumps, clinicians and patients can achieve more consistent and improved euglycemic control. This paper summarizes knowledge and research through a comprehensive literature review. Through our research, we want to highlight the various recent advancements in insulin pump therapy. We hope this paper contributes significantly to understanding new technologies and moves us closer to making insulin pump therapy more accessible.

In this study, weather conditions such as air humidity, temperature air, and wind speed were investigated in relation to wind turbine efficiency with the approach of an exergy study. In this study, the wind speed has been investigated in two different climatic regions of Iran with an approximate distance of 1200 km, in the names of Ardabil and Marvast. The amount of wind density of Ardabil is equal to 66 (kW/m2) and Marvast is equal to 123 (kW/m2). Power production using a 10 (Kw) wind turbine in the Ardabil region is 2.3 (MWh) and in the Marvast region is 3.2 (MWh) per year. The highest wind turbine exergy efficiency is 0.48 in the Ardabil region, and the highest exergy efficiency in the Marvast region is 0.18. The amount of reduction of CO2 gas production, using wind turbines in comparison to gas and diesel power plants in Ardabil, are 1.1 and 2.1 tons and in Marvast are 1.5 and 2.9 tons per year. This reduction in CO2 greenhouse gas per year is equal to using a forest region of 1000 (m2) to 3000 (m2). The use of wind turbines reduces the fuel consumption of diesel power plants in the Ardabil region for the amount of 797.4 liters and in the Marvast region for the amount of 1244 liters of diesel per year. According to this review, it can be concluded that in addition to wind speed, air humidity plays a significant role in the selection, installation, and commissioning of wind turbines in the region. According to this survey, it can be seen that in the Ardabil region, the wind speed of the wind turbine has a higher exergy efficiency than in the Marvast region, and it can be concluded that the wind turbine has performed better in the Ardabil region.

After the fall of Saddam in 2003, Iraq has become one of the most critical and focal political and security campaigns in the Middle East. Failure in the nation-building process and sectarian conflicts have been among the influential factors in Iraq's political instability. On the other hand, it seems that REGIONAL DEVELOPMENTS in the post-Arab Spring era have fundamentally affected the political and security levels of Iraq. In this regard, considering the importance of the topic of this research, it seeks to examine the role of REGIONAL DEVELOPMENTS in the political and security campaigns of Iraq in the post-Arab Spring era. The central question of this research on this source is, what effect have REGIONAL variables had on Iraq's political and security campaigns in the post-Arab Spring era? The findings of the research show that the formation of the Arab Spring has increased the level of REGIONAL competition in the direction of increasing influence in Iraq, as well as sectarian tensions, and as a result has led to greater fragility of the nation-state in Iraq. The research method in this research is descriptive-analytical and the data collection method is library and internet sources.

Background: The most important factors and problems threatening the Anzali Wetland are the contaminant load and sediments entering the wetland, as well as lack of an integrated management plan for this wetland. The main objectives of the current research were to explore whether there are significant differences in concentrations of Zn, Cd, and Pb in surface sediments among different sites (based on type region development) of the Anzali Wetland, Northern Iran.Methods: Through a field study, samples were collected from 10 stations based on the type of REGIONAL development and contaminant source inputs of Anzali Wetland in 2015. Using a hot-block digester, the sediment samples were digested with a 4: 1 combination of nitric acid (HNO3) and perchloric acid (HCLO4) for one hour at 40 oC, followed by 3 h at 140 °C. Afterwards, samples were filtered with Whatman 42, filter paper and the filtrate was kept in polyethylene containers at 4 oC, until analysis by atomic absorption spectrometry (AAS).Results: Mean±SD levels of metals in the sediments of different stations were 26.7±3.49 (lead), 4.36±0.47 (cadmium), and 88.44±10.06 (zinc) mg g-1 dw. There was a significant difference between the stations of the wetland (P<0.05). This difference could be due to the variations in the input of contaminant sources into the Anzali Wetland.Conclusions: The areas, affected by urban and industrial DEVELOPMENTS, had the highest level of contamination while the agricultural and less-developed areas had the lowest level of contamination, and therefore, protective plans must be implemented in developed areas in order to lower the level of heavy metals.

This article examines the importance of the Middle East region and the powers influencing REGIONAL DEVELOPMENTS in Iran's foreign policy and the future outlook of the effects of religious fundamentalist groups on the foreign policy and security of the Islamic Republic of Iran. Accordingly, the main question is what are the geopolitical contexts of the formation of religious fundamentalist groups and what is their impact on the REGIONAL security of the Islamic Republic of Iran?The findings of the research, which was conducted using explanatory and analytical methods to examine the cause-and-effect relationship between two independent and dependent variables, show that examining the patterns of relations among countries located in the Middle East region is of great importance due to the geopolitical and geoeconomic position of this region in the global power structure. Understanding these patterns of relations not only leads to a correct understanding of the security structure of this region, but can also help us understand the foreign policy behavior of countries in this region. The high geopolitical weight of the geography of the role-playing of religious fundamentalist groups and the geopolitical competitions of REGIONAL actors and global powers are considered among the geopolitical factors in the formation of religious fundamentalist groups, and such groups have been trying to challenge the geopolitical, geostrategic, and geocultural sphere of the Islamic Republic of Iran through discursive territorialization.

Greater Middle East Project first time were considered on September 12, 2002; The purpose of this project that faced with opposition and doubts; On the surface, help the countries of the Middle East Arabic countries in the area of economic reforms, political and social. The term "Islamic Middle East" first time after the defeat was introduced Zionist army in the 33-day war in Lebanon in 2006 and over the "New Middle East" Foreign Minister America. This study is intended to answer questions and review it: Middle East Muslim world, the plan could be implemented in the Greater Middle East Initiative America? And What challenges are faced in this project? It seems after REGIONAL DEVELOPMENTS the role of Islamic thought have REGIONAL correlation of paramount importance that this will highlight the role of Iran.